A retrospective study of the correlation of in vitro chemosensitivity using ATP-TCA with patient clinical outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - To evaluate the predictive value of the in vitro chemosensitivity using ATP-TCA method to compare the clinical efficacy of patients with AML. Bone marrow or...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间肺癌患者的应对措施

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)是近段时间我国面临的重大公卫事件，我国是肺癌大国，为了加强肺癌患者对这一疾病的认识，在疫情期间，使广大肺癌患者做好自身疾病的管理，做好对新型冠状病毒肺炎的预防。本文结合肺癌患者自身特点，对新型冠状病毒肺炎的易感性、鉴别诊断、防护、治疗，以及肺癌患者的随访、抗肿瘤用药、营养、手术等方面进行探讨，并结合两者的关系综合归纳，可以为广大肺癌患者更好地应对疫情提供参考。     

颗粒软骨加α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯胶结合3D打印技术辅助制作个性化耳支架

文题释义：α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯：为组织胶水，临床上常用来作为组织粘连剂，这种黏合剂无毒、组织相容性好、粘连强度好，凝固后会形成一层带有网孔的生物膜，该网孔能通过组织液为软骨细胞提供营养物质，并不影响软骨细胞的存活。 颗粒软骨：常见于鼻整形中，取鼻中隔、鼻翼、耳郭或肋软骨，将其切成大小为0.5-1.5 mm颗粒状，用筋膜、脱细胞真皮或其他生物材料包裹后移植于填充区或不包裹直接进行移植填充。软骨材料是最接近真耳的支架材料。背景：传统耳再造手术中耳支架的制作容易导致再造耳失真，3D打印技术使个性化、高仿真的小耳再造成为可能。目的：探讨颗粒软骨加α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯结合3D打印技术制作个性化耳支架的可行性。方法：根据耳畸形患者健侧耳制作患侧耳的3D耳支架阳模和阴模，将颗粒软骨用α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯粘连放入阴模中，同时对比阳模微调，制成耳软骨支架后，将其植入新西兰大白兔背部，动态观察再造耳郭的形态，术后4，8，12周分批取出耳支架，组织学观察颗粒软骨间连接情况、软骨的存活状况等，免疫组化观察Ⅱ型胶原表达。动物实验获得湖南师范大学实验动物福利伦理审查委员会批准(批准号：201517)。结果与结论：①大体观察：与术前比较，术后4，8，12周的再造耳郭长度、宽度、高度无明显变化，质量明显增加(P < 0.05)；②组织学观察：颗粒软骨周围可见炎性细胞浸润，随着标本植入时间延长，炎性细胞逐渐减少，附着支架的筋膜中有较多血管生成；随着植入时间的延长，软骨膜内新生软骨细胞逐渐增多，体积逐渐增大，成熟软骨细胞逐渐增多；软骨碎片之间的α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯未见明显分解，绝大部分软骨片之间仍被α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯间隔，少部分软骨片之间有纤维连接形成，随着植入时间延长，软骨片之间的连接有增多的趋势；③免疫组化学观察：随着标本植入时间延长，Ⅱ型胶原表达逐渐增强；④结果表明：颗粒软骨加α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯结合3D打印模具可以制作个性化耳支架。ORCID: 0000-0002-7481-0722(张帆) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程     

MR fingerprinting ASL: Sequence characterization and comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI

MR Fingerprinting (MRF)‐based Arterial‐Spin‐Labeling (ASL) has the potential to measure multiple parameters such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), bolus arrival time (BAT), and tissue T₁ in a single scan. However, the previous reports have only demonstrated a proof‐of‐principle of the technique but have not examined the performance of the sequence in the context of key imaging parameters. Furthermore, there has not been a study to directly compare the technique to clinically used perfusion method of dynamic‐susceptibility‐contrast (DSC) MRI. The present report consists of two studies. In the first study (N = 8), we examined the dependence of MRF‐ASL sequence on TR time pattern. Ten different TR patterns with a range of temporal characteristics were examined by both simulations and experiments. The results revealed that there was a significance dependence of the sequence performance on TR pattern (p < 0.001), although there was not a single pattern that provided dramatically improvements. Among the TR patterns tested, a sinusoidal pattern with a period of 125 TRs provided an overall best estimation in terms of spatial consistency. These experimental observations were consistent with those of numerical simulations. In the second study (N = 8), we compared MRF‐ASL results with those of DSC MRI. It was found that MRF‐ASL and DSC MRI provided highly comparable maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and bolus‐arrival‐time (BAT), with spatial correlation coefficients of 0.79 and 0.91, respectively. However, in terms of quantitative values, BAT obtained with MRF‐ASL was considerably lower than that from DSC (p < 0.001), presumably because of the differences in tracer characteristics in terms of diffusible versus intravascular tracers. Test–retest assessment of MRF‐ASL MRI revealed that the spatial correlations of parametric maps were 0.997, 0.962, 0.746 and 0.863 for B₁⁺, T₁, CBF, and BAT, respectively. MRF‐ASL is a promising technique for assessing multiple perfusion parameters simultaneously without contrast agent.     

创伤性脑损伤患者创伤后成长与创伤后应激障碍的调查研究

目的分析创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者创伤后成长（PTG）与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的现况及其影响因素。 方法通过便利抽样的方法，选取首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科自2019年7月至2020年1月就诊的85例TBI患者为研究对象，使用创伤后成长评定量表（PTGI）、创伤后应激障碍量表平民版（PCL-C）调查TBI患者的PTG水平、PTSD情况，并进一步分析TBI患者PTG的影响因素。 结果TBI患者PTGI总分为（58.41±23.05）分，处于低水平。PCL-C得分为（36.18±16.52）分，PCL-C阳性症状检出率为41.2%。多元线性回归分析结果显示，文化程度、性格类型、社会支持、警觉性增高、创伤再体验是TBI患者PTG的影响因素。TBI患者文化水平低、外向型性格、社会支持水平越高其PTG水平越高。TBI事件后警觉性反应低者，PTG水平较高，创伤再体验症状促进PTG的发生。 结论TBI患者创伤后早期同时出现PTG及PTSD，通过调动患者个体内部因素及外在社会联系等方面积极因素，可能提高患者PTG水平。     

蝉拟青霉/黄芪双向发酵菌质化学成分及抗高尿酸血症活性研究

目的：利用蝉拟青霉对黄芪进行发酵处理，探究发酵后所得菌质有效成分含量变化及其抗高尿酸血症活性。方法：采用硫酸-苯酚比色法、NaNO2-Al（NO3）3比色法、酸碱滴定法对黄芪及黄芪发酵菌质中多糖、总黄酮、总酸的含量进行测定；采用氧嗪酸钾盐诱导高尿酸血症（HUA）大鼠模型，将雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、菌质（150、300 mg·kg-1）组、黄芪（150、300 mg·kg-1）组及苯溴马隆（20 mg·kg-1）组，连续灌胃给药14 d，分别对大鼠血清中的尿酸（UA）、肌酐（CRE）、尿素氮（BUN）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）及天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平进行测定。结果：黄芪药材经蝉拟青霉双向发酵后，总多糖的含量显著升高，总黄酮的含量显著降低，总酸的含量变化不明显。与对照组比较，模型组大鼠血清中UA、BUN、TC、TG、ALT和AST水平显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.001）；与模型组比较，黄芪组及黄芪发酵菌质组大鼠血清中UA、BUN、TC、TG、ALT和AST水平显著降低（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001），且菌质组效果明显优于黄芪组。结论：黄芪经蝉拟青霉发酵后有效成分含量发生较大变化，所得蝉拟青霉/黄芪双向发酵菌质具有良好的抗高尿酸血症作用。     

Effect of corneal stromal pocket irrigation in small-incision lenticule extraction

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of corneal stromal pocket irrigation after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal parameters and complications after surgery.MethodsA total of 242 eyes of 121 patients undergoing SMILE were enrolled in this prospective controlled study, and it was designed for one eye to randomly undergo SMILE with balanced salt solution irrigation of the corneal stromal pocket, while the other eye was not. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and slit lamp examination were recorded at 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. Postoperative corneal density, corneal biomechanical, corneal endothelial cell number, and anterior OCT images were compared at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month.ResultsCompared with the nonirrigation group, the irrigation group showed significantly higher UDVA at 1 day postoperatively (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference during the rest of the postoperative period (1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month). In addition, no significant differences were found in IOP, corneal density, corneal biomechanics, corneal endothelial cells, and corneal morphology. No visual decline or severe postoperative complications were found in the patients in this study.ConclusionsInterlamellar irrigation did not affect IOP, corneal parameters, morphology, complications, or UDVA at 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after the operation, but it may promote UDVA 1 day after the operation.Subject terms: Refractive errors, Outcomes research, Surgery